Acetone is a representative compound of aliphatic ketones and has a typical reaction of ketones. For example, a colorless crystalline adduct formed with sodium bisulfite. It reacts with hydrogen cyanide to produce acetone cyanohydrin. Isoacetone and pinacol are generated under the action of a reducing agent. Acetone is relatively stable to oxidants. It will not be oxidized by nitric acid at room temperature. When strong oxidants of acidic potassium permanganate are used as oxidants, acetic acid, carbon dioxide and water are generated. Bimolecular condensation occurs in the presence of a base to produce diacetone alcohol. 2 mol of acetone is used to generate isopropylideneacetone in the presence of various acidic catalysts (hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride or sulfuric acid), and is then added with 1 mol of acetone to form foprione (diisopropylideneacetone). 3mol of acetone under the action of concentrated sulfuric acid, 3mol water to produce 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene.
In lime. Condensation to isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one) occurs in the presence of sodium alkoxide or sodium amide. In the presence of an acid or base, a condensation reaction with an aldehyde or ketone occurs to form a keto alcohol, an unsaturated ketone, and a resinous material. With phenol under acidic conditions, condensation of bisphenol-A. The α-hydrogen atom of acetone is easily substituted by halogen to produce α-haloacetone. The alkali solution with sodium hypohalide or halogen generates haloform. An addition reaction between acetone and Grignard reagent occurs, and the addition product is hydrolyzed to give a tertiary alcohol. Acetone and ammonia and its derivatives such as hydroxylamine, hydrazine, benzoquinone and other condensation reactions can also occur. In addition, acetone cracks at 500-1000°C to form ketene. At 170 to 260°C, isobutylene and acetaldehyde are generated through a silicon-aluminum catalyst; isobutylene and acetic acid are generated at 300 to 350°C. Can not be oxidized by silver ammonia solution, new system of copper hydroxide and other weak oxidants, but it can catalyze hydrogenation to alcohol.